William Prindle is of uncertain descent. He was born in Scotland, probably in the early 1630s. He immigrated to New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut sometime before 1653 when he is found there as "the Scotchman which lives at Mr. Allerton's".
Several stories account his arrival: he was supposedly one of two brothers who left Scotland to get away from a harsh stepmother (There was a John Pringle in Milford, Connecticut as early as 1645); he was supposed to have been the son of one of the followers of King James of Scotland and came to America on the restoration of Charles the Second; and he may have been a blacksmith's apprentice whom was cruely treated by his master's wife, and after resisting, stowed aboard a westward ship to escape her wrath. The stories are not without conflict, but with liberties, could be combined into an accurate picture. Or possibly none are true.
Shortly after arriving in New Haven, he took the oath of fidelity in New Haven, and became a freeman on April 4, 1654 ["Records of the Colony and Plantation of NewHaven from 1638 to 1649", pg 140].
He is mentioned on February 20, 1661/62 at Old Meeting House when church seats were assigned . William bought 24 acres of land in what is now West Haven, known as "West Farms". The land lies between Main and Elm Streets and 2nd and 3rd Avenues. Some of the property was still in the possession of the Prindle family as late as 1906.
He was probably born with the name Pringle, but when his will was written in New Haven on October 17, 1689, the spelling had changed to Prindle. This was probably due to the pronounciation of the Scottish 'g' being similar to the Enlgish 'd'. His estate was probated on June 5, 1690, so he must have died sometime between these dates. It is not known exactly where he is buried, but it is said to have been in the New Haven Green near a church or a flagpole.
Along with running his farm, he was also employed as a chimeney sweep.

Online genealogies often state he was christened on July 31, 1628 in Stow, county Midlothian, Scotland. I do not know where this information comes from. I have also not seen and evidence that indicates where in Scotland William Pringle originated. Stow and its surrounding areas were the seat of an ancient Pringle family, but not the only place in Scotland where Pringle's lived at the time of his borth. According to the Parish registers for Stow, 1626-1854 made available by The Church of Scotland. Parish Church of Stow (Midlothian) and searchable form familysearch.org (Batch No. C116992, Source Call Nos. 1067790, 0103158), there were only two William Pringills christened in Stow prior to 1650 and both were sons of men named William Pringill. One was christened on April 9, 1631 and the other on December 27, 1631. There are also other William Pringles found in Parish Registers being baptized in other parts of Scotland in the early 1630s e.g. Kelso, St. Andrews, and Lasswade. It is also said that he may have been the brother of Ann Pringle who supposedly was christened in Stow on November 20, 1630, and would therefore be the son of James Pringle (b. 1602). Ann Pringle is not found in the aforementioned Parish Registers for Stow. According the the Parish registers for South Leith, 1588-1857, made available by The Church of Scotland. Parish Church of South Leith (Midlothian) and searchable form familysearch.org (Batch No. C195031 , Source Call No. 1067770), there was a James Pringill who was christened on December 5, 1602 in South Leith, Midlothian, Scotland who was the son of Andro Pringill and Maroun Cunningham. It is not clear if this is the same James Pringle who is supposed to be the father of William. No William Pringle is found in the Parish Register for South Leith. Some online genalogies take this further and claim that Andro Pringill is the same person as Andrew Hoppringill who according to "The Records of the Pringles or Hoppringills of the Scottish Border", by Alex Pringle, 1933 (see below), was the son of William Hoppringill, burgess of Edinburgh and Alison Wallace who both died in November 1611. The same book states that William Hoppringill, burgess of Edinburgh was the son of James Hoppringill of Whytbank and Margaret Ker. James died in November 1563, and his wife in 1589. James Hoppringill of Whytbank is shown to be the son of David Hoppinggill of Smailholm and Margaret Lundie. David Hoppinggill of Smailholm died in 1535 and was in turn the son of James Hoppringill of Smailholm and Elisabeth Murray. James Hoppringill of Smailholm died in 1495 and was the son of David de Hoppryingille of Pilmuir and Smailholm and Elspeth Dishington. David de Hoppryingille of Pilmuir and Smailholm died before May 1480 and was the son of Robert de Hoppringill a squire to the Earl of Douglas and who first appears in 1407. Elspeth Dishington was the daughter of Sir William Dischington who was in turn the son of Sir William Dischington of Ardross and Elizabeth Bruce the sister of King Robert Bruce. It is by this connection that the Pringle's are descended from Scottish royalty.

Unfortunately for us, there is no clear connection, supported by reliable sources, that link William Prindle to John Pringill or Andro Pringill to Andrew Hoppringill. Further research needs to be done on these persons.

"The Records of the Pringles or Hoppringills of the Scottish Border", by Alex Pringle, 1933, http://salhun.100webcustomers.com/TheBook.htm ,

SMAILHOLM

ROBERT
ON the death of James, 2nd Earl of Douglas, at the battle Otterburn in 1388, the earldom devolved on Archibald Douglas, natural son of Sir James the Good, Lord of Galloway, who since 1357 had taken a leading part in the affairs of the country. His tenure of the earldom was a time of peace. He died at an advanced age, in his Castle of Threave, in December 1400.
The history of the Earls of Douglas is also the history of the Hoppringills of the time. For Thomas and Adam, the first Douglas Squires, see that Ilk (The Douglas Book, 4 vols., by Sir William Fraser).
He was succeeded as 4th Earl by his son Archibald, surnamed "Tineman'', loser of battles. Born about 1372 he married at an early age Margaret, daughter of the King Robert III.; while his sister married the Duke of Rothesay, heir to the throne, and a year after his death took in 1403 as her second husband Sir Walter Haliburton, younger, of Dirleton. In September 1402 the Scots having invaded Northumberland to avenge a reverse at Nisbet Moor) were defeated at Homildon, when the Scottish leaders, including the Earl, were taken prisoners. So thick flew the English that the Earl, notwithstanding he wore a suit of armour arrows which is said to have cost three years' labour to make, was wounded in five places, including the loss of an eye. The captivity of the Earl, who fought on the side of the Percies at the battle of Shrewsbury, nominally lasted till 1413, but a considerable portion of it, was done by proxy. He would be in Scotland for periods from two to twelve months at a time, while certain of his sons, kinsmen, or men of high social condition, would take his place in England as hostages. In April 1408 he had a safe conduct till June, and was granting charters in Edinburgh in May. Returning to England in June he was detained only a few days, till the 20th, when, on leaving four hostages, he left finally for Scotland. This introduces us to his charters.
In June 1404 Robert Ker of Attonburn had a charter from Archibald, Earl of Douglas, of the lands of Smailholm and others, to be held blench of the Earl, who was then a prisoner in England. In January 1407, at Westminster, Henry IV. grants a safe conduct to Sir Thomas de Murray, Sir William de Dalziel, William de Towers, Hugh Campbell, Robert Pryngil, and 50 their companions, in company, now in the north of the kingdom, to come and go in England till the feast of Purification (R. S.). They were probably to act as a convoy to the Earl in returning to Scotland in that year. On 20th March 1408 at Edinburgh, a charter (" a, little razed in the date ''), is granted by Archibald, Earl of Douglas, to Robert de Hoppringill of the lands of Pilmuir, Lauderdale, to be held ward (A. P., L. W., 1661). At Edinburgh a charter, undated, but confirmed by the Ear1 of March in February 1413, is granted by the Earl of Douglas to David Hume, his squire, of the lands of Wedderburn ; making one suit annually at the Earl's principal court of the regality of Lauder : witnesses, William de Hay and William de Borthwick, knights, and Robert de Hoppringill, George de Rutherford, and William de Saint Clair, esquires (Milne Home). In May 1418 at Inverkeithing, and in November at Dunfermline, charters are granted by Robert, Duke of Albany, Governor of Scotland, to his son John Earl of Buchan, and Elizabeth, daughter of Archibald Earl of Douglas, his future spouse, of certain lands in Ayrshire: witnesses to former charter, Sir William de Lindsay, Sir William de Borthwick, Robert de Pringil, and others ; to the latter, the bishop of Aberdeen, chancellor, Sir William de Borthwick, Robert de Hoppringil, and others (G. S.). In September 1414 at Edinburgh, a charter is granted by Archibald Earl of Douglas to Sir William Hay of Lochorwart of certain lands in Wigtownshire; witnesses, the Earl of Orkney, William Douglas de Drumlanrig, William de Borthwick, John de Moubray, John St Clair, knights, and Adam de Hepburn of Hailes, Robert de Livingston, Robert de oppringil, William de Edmonston, and William de Saint Clair, esquires (D. B.). In December 1414 at Bothwell, an instrument of Collation by Matthew, bishop of Glasgow, is witnessed by the archdeacon and the sheriff of Teviotdale, Robert de Pringyle, and others.
In June 1418 the Customs officers are called upon to state on oath what, and what kind of goods, had been exported without payment of the customs during the account, and they give in 24 cases, including James de Douglas of Dalkeith, Robert de Borthwick, and Robert de Hoppringil, who exported, respectively, 4, 9, and 8 sacks of wool, also the Earl of Douglas, Sir Walter de Haliburton, etc. (E. R.).
In May 1419 the Duke of Bedford and Council grant to Robert de Pringil and John de Wells of Scotland a safe conduct to last till 1st August next, about to travel into England with twelve persons in their company, horses and goods, coming, stopping, and returning, for paying the ransom of James de Douglas, son of the Earl of Douglas ; and in July, the date of their stay in England is extended to 31st August, and a safe conduct is granted to James de Douglas about to travel to Scotland ; and in November a further extension is granted to them till the feast of Purification (R. S.).
During the reign of Henry V., 1413-22, we find Earl Douglas himself having safe conducts into England in connection with the ransom of James 1., who had been seized at sea and held captive since 1406 ; and also taking part in the encounter on the Borders consequent on the persistent attempt of that king to conquer France, the old ally of Scotland. The Duke of Vendome came on an embassy to Scotland, with the result that the Earls of Buchan and Wigtown, that is to say, the Earl's son-in-law and elder son, in 1419 sailed for France and landed at Rochelle with 7000 men-at-arms. Regarded at first as " nothing better than drinkers of wine and eaters of sheep,'' they took a prominent part in bringing central France under the Dauphin. In March 1421 they routed the English at Beaugé, killing the Duke of Clarence, King Henry's brother. But in July 1423 the allies met with disaster at Crevant, 3000 Scots, it is said, being killed or captured. Consequent on this defeat, Buchan, now Constable of France, and Wigtown returned to Scotland, and succeeded in getting Earl Douglas himself enlisted in the cause. Landing in the Spring of 1424 at
Rochelle with 10,000 knights and soldiers, he was created Duke of Touraine, and the city of Tours held fête on his entry on 27th May, presenting him 12 hhds. wine, 7 oats, 50 sheep, 4 fat oxen, and 100 lb. wax torches. It was not long till he met with disaster. Going to the relief of the Castle of Ivry, besieged by the Duke of Bedford, and finding his position too strong, the allies retreated to Verneuil, and there, on 17th August 1424, having attacked the English in a strong position, instead of following the Earl's advice and waiting their attack, they were totally defeated. It had been agreed between the English and Scottish that no prisoners were to be taken on either side; and it is generally stated that in this battle the Scottish contingent was all but exterminated. The Earl and his younger son James, who were both killed, were buried in the middle of the choir of Tours Cathedral. In this battle fell also Robert Hoppringill, the Earl's Squire.
Robert apparently had issue :
1. George, Douglas Squire.
2. Robert, of Wrangholm and Smailholm.
3. Alexander, Douglas Squire.
4. David, of Pilmuir and Smailholm.

DAVID 1 (OF PILMUIR AND SMAILHOLM)
In 1440 David Hoppringill acts as attorney at the sasine of William de Gordon in the lands of Stitchill (S. W.). To a charter of the fourth part of Blans in Haddingtonshire granted by him in 1445 his seal is appended, showing " On a bend 3 escallop shells," and. the legend –

S. DAVID DE HOPPRYNGILLE (L. S.).

In 1447 in a letter James II. charges him and two others under penalty of treason not to reply, or give any money, to Patrick, son of Adam Hepburn of Hailes, who had seized and held in Dunbar Castle John Oll, the Prior of Coldingham (C. C.).
In 1450 David, like George and Alexander, the Douglas squires, was one of the brilliant retinue that accompanied William the last Earl of Douglas to the Papal Jubilee at Rome.
David was the first Ranger (Cursor) of the Ward of Tweed, holding the office from 1455 to 1466, under George and Robert Hoppringill, Master Rangers.
On 7th December 1457 at Jedburgh, George, Earl of Angus, Warden of the East and Middle Marches, make an indenture appointing Andrew Ker of Cessford his Bailie of Jedburgh Forest during their mutual lives : in witness of which the Earl set his seal to one part of the indenture, while to the other part was set the seal of David Hoppringill of Pilmuir, because Andrew Ker had no seal of his own present : witnesses, Sir Walter Scott, David Scott, etc. (D. B., Charter 431).
In 1463 at Selkirk, David is on the jury that retoured Archibald, 5th Earl of Angus, in 19 husbandlands near the town (D. B.). In 1464 at Galashiels, David Pringle of Smailholm, with James Pringil, and others, witnesses a charter granted by William Douglas de Cluny of Traquair.
In November 1468 David Pringill resigned into the hands of the King, James III., the lands of Pilmuir, which the King gave back to him " by staff and baton '' (G. S.).
In 1469, on the marriage of James III. to Margaret of Denmark, she obtained as part of her dowry the lordship of Ettrick Forest with the fortalice of Newark, and held the same till her death in 1486.
In 1470, in St Margaret's Chapel in the Castle of Edinburgh, William Douglas of Cluny resigned in favour of Archibald, 5th Earl of Angus, the ward of the lands of Tantallon and earldom of Douglas : witnesses, David Scott of Buccleuch, James, Lord Hamilton, David Pringil, etc. (D. B.). In 1471 at Borthwickshiels, David witnesses, along with David and William Scott, the infeftment therein of Walter, son and heir of Andrew Ker of Cessford.
In the action between Oliver of Lauder and David Pringill touching the thirling of the lands of Pilmuir to the mill of Lauder the matter is referred to a Jury (L. A.).
In September 1473 expenses are paid by the Exchequer to a messenger passing with letters to David Pringill to the Forest ; and later to a courier passing to David Hoppringill of Smailholm and Tom Ker (Fernihirst) with letters under the Signet, to cause them to come to Edinburgh (E. R).
In 1476 David and his two sons James and Adam are witnesses to the execution of a summons against the Lords Auditors at the instance of Sir John Swinton of that Ilk.
Over the doorway of the old house of Galashiels is said to have been this inscription-

Elspeth Dishington Builted me.
In syn lye not :
The things thou canst not get,
Desyre not.

This Elspeth appears to be the ancestress referred to by John Hoppringill of Smailholm and Galashiels in his Will, 1564, where he mentions that £66 of tocher money was still owing to him and his heirs by the heirs of Sir William Dischington of Ardross. Sir William, who married Elizabeth, sister of King Robert Bruce, was succeeded about 1360 by his son, also Sir William, who, as cousin of King David, was seneschal in the royal household. Thus it came about that the latter's daughter, the above Elspeth, who married David Hoppringill, built the old house of Galashiels, as after his appointment in 1455 as Keeper of the Ward of Tweed, they would have to live there.
It is owing to this royal connection no doubt that we find the early Hoppringills of Smailholm, David 1, James 1, and David 2, taking the leading part they did in the Border affairs of their times.
David died before May 1480. He had issue :-
1. James, his heir.
2. Adam, of St John's Chapel (Chapel on Leader).
3. Thomas, of Wrangholm.

JAMES 1
On the resignation in 1466 of David, as Ranger or Factor of the Ward of Tweed, he was succeeded by his son James, who held the office for a quarter of a century, till 1492, during which time Robert Hoppringill, William Douglas of Traquair, David and Patrick Crichton were in succession Master Rangers.
In 1470 Redhead (Whytbank), one of the 18 steads of the Ward, which paid a rent of £6, 3 cattle, and 20 lambs each, was attached to the office of Ranger as fee; and in 1474 James got a, lease of Blindlee.
In May 1480 on a precept of Chancery, proceeding on a retour, James, as heir of his late father David, gets sasine of the lands of Pilmuir. In June in Edinburgh Castle he is on a jury to decide on the claims of the Abbots of Kelso and Dunfermline as to certain fishings on the Tweed: also the Lords of Council ordain James and his spouse Elisabeth Murray to restore to Jonet, Lady Edmonstone, a matin book-which it was proved the said Elisabeth had-or twenty French crowns.
In 1482 Patrick Murray of Falahill and James are sued by Margaret, daughter of the late Andrew Ker, to pay her 300 merks-the rest of a marriage portion-but the Lords find James and Thomas Ker to be the parties liable (L. A.) In 1484 at Jedburgh James, and David Scott of Branxholm, Robert Gladstone, etc., are on a jury that retoured James Douglas, as heir of his father, the late William of Drumlanrig, in the barony of Hawick (S, B.).
On 12th October 1487 the two steads of Galashiels and Mossilee-hitherto in the hands of the late Queen-and the stead of Blindlee, are leased to James Hoppringill for 19 years by King James III., and confirmed in the following year by James IV. (E. R.).
In 1489, in an action before the Lords of Council anent the ward lands of the late Oliver Lauder belonging to the King, James claimed them as a gift of the King, the proof of which he had not present to show ; the Lords said he could take a summons if he pleased.
In 1494 at the Justice Ayre, Selkirk, David Walsh, Bedrule, produced a remission for art and part in the theft of 26 oxen and cows from James Pringill out of Pilmuir.
James appears to have died in the spring of 1495. By his spouse Elisabeth, daughter of Patrick Murray of Philiphaugh, he had issue :-
1. David, his heir.
2. William: first of Torwoodlee
3. Alexander, first of Trinlyknowe,
4. John, first of Blindlee.
5. Isabella, marr. David Home of Wedderburn.
6. David of Tynnes ; a natural son, called "senior."

DAVID 2
David's first appearance is in the Exchequer Rolls in his father's Account, 1478, in which he gets remission of £10, the fine imposed on him for having killed a stag, on the occasion of his marriage in 1473.
In 1483 the Lords Auditors ordain David Pringill to restore to Lord Borthwick and Marion, Archibald, and Thomas Hog the sheep, cattle, and horses, taken by him, as it was proved, out of Halltree and Brockhouse, or pay the price thereof £198, and £14 for the skaith and wanting of the goods (see Adam of that Ilk).
In 1485 Redhead (Whytbank) is occupied by David with consent of his father.
In April 1490 anent the action pursued by David and William Hoppringill before the Lords of Council against Mr Thomas and John Borthwick of Crookston for the wrongous occupation by the former of the lands of Pirn, and by the latter of the lands of Cortleferry, lands set to the said David and William by the Archbishop of St Andrews under his seal and the common seal of St Andrews: the Lords summon witnesses for the 10th May, when they will settle the matter (see Alexander of that Ilk).
In June 1495 David gets sasine of Pilmuir, Halcroft, and Smailholm.
On 1st October 1496 David, who had acted latterly as keeper for his father, gives in the Account also of Lord Home, Keeper of the Ward of Yarrow.
On 1st October 1498 Alexander Lord Home, Great Chamberlain, who since 1488 had been Ranger of the Ward of Yarrow, was appointed Receiver of the whole Forest, the offices of Ranger and Master Ranger being abolished.
On 8th August 1502 James IV married the Princess Margaret of England ; and on 1st June 1503 she got from John Murray, Sheriff of Selkirkshire, per her English attorneys, sasine of Ettrick Forest and the Tower of Newark : done near the manor of Galashiels in the presence of Walter Scott of Buccleuch, David Hoppringill of Smailholm, William-Hoppringill, William Ker, etc (Calendar of Documents re Scotland, vol. 4).
In December 1503 David Hoppringill of Smailholm, David in Tynnes' Thomas in Wrangholm, and Adam in St John's Chapel are on a jury together (L. C.).
In the Forest Account ending June 1509 Galashiels and Mossilee are let to David Hoppringill of Smailholm, Margaret his spouse, and David his son and heir, one half of Blindlee to Isabella Murray his mother, and himself and son David, and the other half to John Hoppringill and his son Roger (E. R.).
On 28th August 1510 at Edinburgh in the Exchequer once, Redhead (Whytbank) is let in feu to David Hoppringill of Smailholm and Margaret Lundie his spouse in conjunct fee, and their heirs male, whom failing, the senior of their heirs female without division; building a mansion of stone and lime, stable, pigeon house, bee house, orchard, oak plantation, etc., also bridges for the passage of the lieges (by the Girthgate and the Tweed), and the King grants to David and his heirs the following annual rents from lands in the bailiary of Lauderdale, viz., 13s. 4d each from Dalcove, Merton, and Addinston ; 40s from Gladswood ; 26s. 8d each from Trabroun and Pilmuir; 30. from Whitelaw ; 6s, 8d each from Airhouse, Bowerhouse, and Collie- law, in all £9, 13s. 4d. ; the precept of sasine being directed to Thomas Hoppringill of Wrangholm (G. S.), see under 1574, 1593 below.
In December 1510 at the Justice Ayre, Selkirk, the Hoppringills of Smailholm, Torwoodlee, Tynnes. Blindlee, and Trinlyknows, and John Murray, Sheriff of Selkirkshire, are convicted of the destruction of the wood of Ettrick Forest and have their fines of £3 remitted on composition; also the said five Hoppringills are admitted to composition for assisting and communicating with George, John, and Alexander, sons of
Adam Hoppringill of St John's Chapel (their relatives), rebels and at the horn.
In the Controller's Account ending July 1513 David pays £100 of the debt left by the late David Hoppringill of Tynnes (E. R.).
On 9th September 1513 was fought the battle of Flodden, in which David lost his brothers, his eldest son David, and his brother-in-law Sir David Home, father of the " Seven Spears of Wedderburn.''
In August 1515 Lord Dacre, English Warden of the West Marches, writing from Etal to Andrew Ker, Scottish Warden of the East Marches, remarks that he had received a letter from the Commissioners by David Pringill (H. L.).
In 1519 in a dispute between Andrew Ker of Fernihirst and the Earl of Angus, Andrew Ker of Cessford, who was on the side of Angus, met at Kelso, routed, and chased into Hume Castle, Sir James Hamilton with the loss of four of his men. On 30th April 1520 in Edinburgh, where Parliament was sitting, took place the battle of " Clear the Causeway," in which the faction of Angus, aided by 800 horsemen under the Homes of Wedderburn, routed and swept from the city that of Arran and the Hamiltons. On 10th July 1520 James Hamilton, Earl of Arran, Regent, and other Hamiltons, on the one part, and Andrew Kerr of Cessford, other Kers, and John Hopprlngill, on the other part, appoint as arbiters to meet at Glasgow and compose their differences, the former, Arthur Hamilton, Provost of Hamilton, and Alexander Baillie of dauphin, the latter, Sir Alexander Jardine of Applegarth, and David Hoppringill of Galashiels : the decreet arbitral, which was that Cessford should take the Earl of Arran's part in all his affairs, and ride and gang with him against the Earl of Angus, and that the Earl should take the part of Cessford and his friends in all their affairs, was signed on the 19th August by the parties, in the presence of John Earl of Lennox, James Lundie of Balgonie, James Hoppringill, etc. ; the John and James Hoppringill here mentioned appear to be David's sons (M.S.S.., Duke of Hamilton).
In 1522 Henry VIII., incensed at the Scots refusing to break with France and depose their Governor, the Duke of Albany, sends Lord Dacre to invade Scotland, who burns Kelso and 18 towers. In the beginning of August Albany advanced on Carlisle with an army, but is wheedled into an armistice ; and on the 10th there is this entry in the Exchequer : " Delivered to a messenger three letters under the Signet, charging the Laird of Buccleuch, Mark Ker, and David Hoppringill, to come to my Lord Governor, incontinent."
In 1523 the Scots having refused the offer of the Princess Mary, daughter of Henry VIII., for their young King, the English in the summer again ravaged the Scottish Border. In July Lord Dacre has occasion to write to the Laird of Cessford, Mark Ker, and David Pringill, " Right worshipful Sirs, I commend me to you, and according to the accommodation between us, send you my bond and my son's under our seal and sign manual, not doubting but you will do the same; and I pray you to give credence to the bearer as to myself '' (M.S.S.., British Museum). In September the Earl of Surrey ravaged the Merse, and burned Jedburgh with its Monastery, while Dacre after reducing Fernihirst Castle sacked Kelso. This led to the return from France of Albany, bringing with him a force of 6000 Frenchmen, horses, and artillery, collecting an army of 40,000 men he marched down the north bank of the Tweed (crossing and recrossing Pringill's bridge at Melrose by the way) and laid siege to Wark Castle with his French troops; but as the Scots would not cross the river he retired to Edinburgh, disgusted, and in May 1524 left for France, never to return.
This opened the way for the return of the Earl of Angus to Scotland, where he soon became supreme in affairs. He was appointed Warden of the Marches, and a bond to support him in the office, was signed in March 1525 by the Border barons and lairds, including in Selkirkshire Walter Scott of Buccleuch, John Murray of Philiphaugh, David Hoppringill of Galashiels, etc. In January 1526 the English ambassador, writing to Wolsey with reference to the 3-years' truce about to be signed at Berwick, says that the Lords Wardens are to meet on the 16th and 17th, and that " All Scottish subjects who have been injured are to send in their bills with all diligence, for causes touching Teviotdale, to Davy Pringill at Kelso, or to the Abbot " (H. L.).
In May 1526 a letter of pardon to the Scotts, Kers, Hoppringills, Turnbulls, and others, is issued under the Privy Seal, for their treasonably coming with the Homes and others our rebels to Edinburgh and thence to Stirling against James Earl of Arras, then Lieutenant to us. The list of 148 persons included 9 Hoppringills, viz., John of Redhead (Whytbank), and James, his brother, James in Fawdonsyde, George of St John's Chapel, Robert of Blindlee, and James his brother, George of Torwoodlee and James and David his brothers, together with 57 Scotts, 9 Turnbulls, 10 Rutherfords, 11 Dalglieshes, etc. ( S. B.).
In July 1526, with the object of freeing the boy King from the Douglases who kept him a prisoner, the Borderers attacked Angus at Pringill's bridge on the Tweed, but were defeated (see Buckholm). In 1528 the young King, James V., now 17, managed to escape by his own strategy, and the Douglases were banished.
In August 1534 at Galashiels William Veitch of Dawick, for a sum of money paid to him, granted to David Hoppringill of Smailholm, his spouse Margaret Lundie, and their son James, hereditarily, the lands of Lour and the western side of Easter Dawick, Peeblesshire : witnesses, Mr Robert Hoppringill, rector of Morham, George Hoppringill of Torwoodlee and David his brother, etc. In December following at Edinburgh David, for love and favour, with consent of his spouse, granted to his son James a charter of his half of the barony of Mennar (G. S., 1534-5).
It follows from the above correspondence that David was a, Warden-depute. He died apparently in 1535. Issue by his first wife:-
1. David, killed at Flodden 1513.
2. John, his heir.
By his second wife, Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Lundie
3. James, of Woodhouse and Whytbank (see Whytbank).
4. William.
5. Jonet, marr. George Brown of Coalston; alive in 1575.

WHYTBANK AND YAIR

DAVID
IN 1470 the stead or farm of Redhead, one of the eighteen constituting the Ward of Tweed in Ettrick Forest, was allotted to James Hoppringill of Smailholm, the Cursor or Factor of the Ward, in place of his yearly salary (E. R.). In 1485 it was occupied by his son David, and on 28th August 1505 it was feued to David (now of Smailholm) and his spouse Margaret Lundie, and their heirs male, at a yearly duty of £26 and a merk Scots, and the same sum for new infeftments (G, S.). In 1513 his eldest son, David, was killed at Flodden. In 1526 his sons John and James appear in the list of 148 Borderers pardoned for taking part in the raid of the Homes on Stirling (S. B.). In August 1534 David and his spouse and their son James got a charter of the lands of Lour and part of easter Dawick, in Peeblesshire, and in December following David " for love and favour '' granted them (Woodhouse) to the said James (G. S.).

JAMES 1
In 1541 Redhead, on Caddon Water, is possessed by Margaret Lundie widow of David Hoppringill of Smailholm and her son James ; also James of Woodhouse gets a charter of lands in Forfarshire alienated to him by John Erskine of Dun (T. A.). In 1550 James, now called of Whytbank, or Redhead, sits at Jedburgh on the return of John Gordon in the lands of Stitchill (S. W.).
In 1552 William Hoppringill, James's brother, gets an obligation from Michael Balfour to repay to him the £200 borrowed by James, Commendator of Kelso and Melrose Abbey (R. D.), also one from William Cairncross of Colmslie to repay of 21 days' notice the £500 borrowed by him (A. D.).
In 1554 James resigns the lands of Adinston, Langhope, and Soonhope alienated to him under reversion by Simon Preston of Craigmillar and now redeemed by him (P. B., Nicolson).
James died in November 1563. He is assumed by genealogists to have been James Hoppringill the Solway Moss prisoner. This is a mistake-the said prisoner having been James first of Buckholm.
James by his wife Margaret Ker of Linton had issue: -
1. Mr Robert, who predeceased him.
2. James, his heir.
3. George, latterly tenant of Netherton of Princado (see Gala Water).
4. Alexander.
5. William, burgess of Edinburgh.
6. John.
7. David.
8. Marion, marr. in 1568 William, brother of James Home of Cowdenknowes,
James's widow Margaret Ker marr. as her second husband Sir David Hume, 5th of Wedderburn, and died in 1589 leaving no children by him.

EDINBURGH BURGESSES

WILLIAM (LITSTER)
In 1573 Thomas Hoppringill, litster or dyer, sometime indweller in Edinburgh, is ordained by the Lords to pay a certain £175 under his obligation of 1568 (A. D.).
In 1580 William Hoppringill, litster, and five others are commissioned by the Town Council to examine a piece of cloth about 20 ells long belonging to a merchant, suspected of being litted with false colours, and report thereon, the cloth being in the meantime arrested (Charters, Edin.). In October 1584 the Council chose 12 persons to be elders and 16, including William, to be deacons of the kirk of the burgh for the year to come, furth of the four parishes thereof (Charters, Edin.). In 1584 Adam Wallace, merchant, and William, litster, are cautioners for John Wallace of Craigie. In 1587 William receives from John Hoppringill of Muirhouse £500 for redemption of the lands of Cardrope and Pirn in the lordship of Stow ; done in his house before William Lauder of Balbardies (L, Ch.). In 1590 the Lords ordain Patrick Hume, litster in Haddington, to pay William his debt of £240, or be poinded (A. D.). In May 1597 William Leslie summons eight persons, a French, two Quhippos, a Hardie, two Haitlies, and James Hoppringill, William's son, for lying in wait at the instigation of Leslie of Balquhan and attempting to stay him while on his way to the King at Holyrood. Neill Montgomerie of Broomlands, Kelso, becomes cautioner that James Hoppringill will compear (P. C.).
In November 1598 William complained that upon the 3rd inst. George Hoppringill of Blindlee, accompanied by Robert Quhippo and Thomas Hardie his servants, all armed, came at night to his place at Mitchellston and the houses thereof occupied by his tenants, and there finding the doors closed called for fire, and the doors being suddenly opened, they entered, searched for complainer or some of his servants and had not failed to have slain them, against whom they unjustly pretend a quarrel, were not providentially they were absent for the time.
Complainer appearing personally, but neither Quhippo nor Hardie, the latter were denounced rebels. The Humes of North Berwick and Bassendean become cautioners for George Hoppringill of Blindlee that he will not harm William, litster, and will enter Quhippo and Hardie in December, or re-enter himself in Edinburgh Castle (P. C.). In February following, failing to re-enter the two rebels, George as cautioner has to pay £100 for each. In 1605 William secures payment for a bond of £100 from the Sheriff Clerk of Lauderdale (A. D.).
William and his wife Alison Wallace both died in the same month, November 1611. They had issue, James, Andrew and Catherine. William left free gear £1708 (T. E.).

REFERENCES
A. D. Acts and Decreets of the Lords of Council and Session
A. P. Acts of Parliament.
C. C. Coldingham Charters, Raine's History of North Durham
D. B. The Douglas Book, Sir William Fraser.
E. R. The Exchequer Rolls.
G. S The Great Seal.
H. L. Henry VIII Letters and Papers.
L. A. Acts of the Lords Auditors.
L. C. Acts of the Lords of Council.
L. Ch. The Laing Charters.
L. S. Laing's Scottish Seals
L. W. Earl of Lauderdale's Writs in Parliament 1661
MSS., Ham Duke of Hamilton.
P.C. Register of the privy council.
P.B. Protocoll Books.
R. D. Calendar and Register of deeds.
R. S. Rotuli Scotiae
S. B. The Scotts of Buccleuch, Sir William Fraser.
S.W. Stitchill Writs.
T A. The Lord High Treasurers Accounts
T.E. Testaments, Edinburgh (also Lauder, Peebles, St Andrews).

William Prindle married Mary Desborough on December 7, 1655 in New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut.

The had eleven children:

Phebe (16 Mar 1656/57 - ) m. Eleazer Beecher
John (5 Oct 1658 - 25 Nov 1734) m1. Mary Hull, m2. Abigail Hawkins, m3. Hannah Botsford
Mary (8 Mar 1659/60 - 16 Aug 1691) m. John Roach
Ebenezer (10 Sep 1661 - 1740) m. Elizabeth Hobby
Joseph (11 Jun 11 1663 - 18 Mar 1737/38) m. Mary Brown
Jonathan (7 Jun 1665 - 1665)
Sarah (19 Oct 1666 - dy)
Samuel (15 Apr 1668 - 20 Sep 1750) m1. Dorothy Plum, m2 Sarah Chapman
Eleazer (7 Jun 1669 - ) m. Elizabeth Andrews
Hannah (6 Mar 1670/71 - ) m. John Hull
Joanna (2 Feb 1672/73 - 26 July 1673)

In 1685 he and his son Joseph were both proprietors in New Haven. He mentions his wife, Phebe, John, Mary, Ebenezer, Joseph, Samuel, Eleazer, and Hannah in his will.